Charles Robert Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, England, on February 12, 1809. He came from a wealthy family and never had to work. He studied medicine and theology. In 1831 he graduated from University of Cambridge with a degree of theology.
He began a career as a scientist quite by chancE. On December 27,1831, 22 years old Charles Darwin joined the crew of the HMS Beagle as a naturalist.The five years expedition collected hydrographic, geologic, and meteorologic data from South America and many other regions around the worlD. Darwin’s own observation on this voyage led to his theory of natural selection.
Charles Darwin was greatly influenced by the geologist Adam Sedgwick and naturalist John Henslow in his development of the theory of natural selection, which was to become the foundation concept supporting the theory of evolution. Darwin’s theory holds that environmental effects lead to varying degrees of reproductive success in individuals and groups of organisms. Natural selection tends to promote adaptation in organisms when necessary for survival. This revolutionary theory was published in 1859 in Darwin’s now famous On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.
1. How was Darwin’s theory of natural selection developed?
A. Adapted by the necessary for survival
B. Influenced by his collection.
C. Supported the effect of environment.
D. Influenced by John Henslow.
E. Affected by groups of organisms.
ANS : A
Picasso was one of the most outstanding and important artists of the 1900’s. He is best known for his paintings. Almost every style in modern art is represented in Picasso’s works.
Picasso was born in 1881 in Malaga, Spain as the son of an art teacher. He studied painting from his father and his college level course of study at the academy of arts in Madrid.
From about 1895 to 1901, he painted realistic works in a traditional stylE. He, then, entered what was called the Blue PerioD. During this time, he only used shades of blue in his paintings to show the poverty he saw in Barcelona.
After 1908, he entered into the style of cubism. Among his well-known cubist paintings are “Three Musicians” and “Man with a Guitar”.
Picasso died in Moughins, France in 1973. He was really great artist.
2. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Picasso’s father was not good at art.
B. Picasso passed away at the age of 92.
C. Picasso was unpopular artist of 1990’s.
D. Blue Period shows the prosperity in Barcelona.
E. For 8 years, Picasso painted realistic works in a traditional style.
ANS : D
Alexander Graham Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. Bell’s father was a professor of speech elocution at the University of Edinburgh and his mother, despite being deaf, was an accomplished pianist.
Young Alexander was an intellectually curious child who studied piano and began inventing things at an early age. Both of his brothers passed away from tuberculosis by the time Bell was in his early twenties.
Alexander Graham Bell, best known for his invention of the telephone, revolutionized communication as we know it. His interest in sound technology was deep-rooted and personal, as both his wife and mother were deaf. While there’s some controversy over whether Bell was the true pioneer of the telephone, he secured exclusive rights to the technology and launched the Bell Telephone Company in 1877. Ultimately, the talented scientist held more than 18 patents for his inventions and work in communications.
3. what did alexander invented?
A. telephone
B. radio
C. door
D. wires
E. software
ANS: A
Albert Einstein was born in 1879 in Germany. He graduated from the University of Zurich in Switzerland in 1905. In 1905 he also did some of his famous work in Physics. In 1919 he won the Noble Prize for Physics. Between 1919 and 1933 he lived in Germany and traveled a lot to talk to other scientists. Then, in 1933 he had to leave Germany because of Hitler and the Nazy Party. He moved to United States from 1933 until his death. He lived in Princetown, New Jersey. He died on 18th April 1955.
4. What is the topic of the text?
A. The achievement of Albert Einstein
B. The life of Albert Einstein
C. Albert Einstein’s childhood
D. Albert Einstein’s home town
E. Albert Einstein’s study
ANS : B
Abu Ali Muhammad al-Hassan ibn al-Haitham or Ibn Haitham (Basra, 965 - Cairo 1039), known as a group of smart people in the West, under the name Alhazen, is an Islamic scientist who specializes in science, astronomy, mathematics, geometry, medicine, and philosophy. He also carried out many investigations of light, and has inspired western scientists such as Roger Bacon and Kepler in creating microscopes and telescopes as well as camera obscura.
Al-Haytham was born in Basrah, Iraq, in 965 AD and died in Cairo, Egypt, in 1040 AD Quoting the description of the historian Ibn Qifti (1172-1248), al-Haytham started his basic education in his hometown. In fact, when he was an adult, he served as a judge.However, al-Haytham then chose to resign the position. Because, he began to realize his interest and talent as a scientist, rather than a bureaucratic employee.
Almost all of Ibn Haitham's theories and research results have inspired some Western scientists. Includes Boger, Bacon, and Kepler who are now known as the creators of the microscope and telescope. He has also written a book on evolution which is still a reference for world scientists. Ibn Haitham's book on cosmology has also been translated into Latin in medieval times.
5. What is Ibn Haitham's religion?
A. Islam
B. Christian
C. Hindu
D. Buddha
E. Confusius
ANS : A
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